7-9-4

Separation

JO 7110.65BB, Change 3, effective July 9, 2026 · Official text on faa.gov

Standard IFR services to IFR aircraft.
VFR aircraft must be separated from VFR/IFR aircraft that weigh more than 19,000 pounds and turbojets by no less than:
1. 1 ½ miles separation, or
  Note
  
  When ISR is being displayed, discontinue 1 ½ -NM separation.
2. 500 feet vertical separation, or
  Note
  
  Apply the provisions of paragraph 5-5-4, Minima, when wake turbulence separation is required.
3. Visual separation, as specified in paragraph 7-2-1, Visual Separation, paragraph 7-4-2, Vectors for Visual Approach, and paragraph 7-6-7, Sequencing.
  Note
  
  Issue wake turbulence cautionary advisories in accordance with paragraph 2-1-20, Wake Turbulence Cautionary Advisories.
VFR aircraft must be separated from all VFR/IFR aircraft which weigh 19,000 pounds or less by a minimum of:
1. Target resolution, except when ISR is being displayed, or
2. 500 feet vertical separation, or
  Note
  1. Apply the provisions of paragraph 5-5-4, Minima, when wake turbulence separation is required.
  2. Aircraft weighing 19,000 pounds or less are listed in FAA Order JO 7360.1, Aircraft Type Designators.
  Reference
  
  FAA Order JO 7360.1, Para 2-2, How Designators are Formulated.
3. Visual separation, as specified in paragraph 7-2-1, Visual Separation, paragraph 7-4-2, Vectors for Visual Approach, and paragraph 7-6-7, Sequencing.
  Note
  
  Issue wake turbulence cautionary advisories in accordance with paragraph 2-1-20, Wake Turbulence Cautionary Advisories.
  
  Reference
  
  P/CG Term - Lateral Separation.
  P/CG Term - Radar Separation.
  P/CG Term - Target Resolution.
  P/CG Term - Visual Separation.